The Diary

his subject by quotations from Pepys, and from these books it has often been possible to find information which helps to explain difficult passages in the Diary.
Much illustrative matter of value was obtained by Lord Braybrooke from the Diurnall of Thomas Rugge, which is preserved in the British Museum ( Add.  MSS. 10,116, 10,117). The following is the description of this interesting work as given by Lord Braybrooke:⁠—


Mercurius Politicus Redivivus;

or, A Collection of the most materiall occurrances and transactions

in Public Affairs since Anno Dñi, 1659, untill

28 March, 1672,

serving as an annuall diurnall for future satisfaction and information,

By Thomas Rugge.
Est natura hominum novitatis avida.⁠—Plinius.

This  MS. belonged, in 1693, to Thomas Grey, second Earl of Stamford. It has his autograph at the commencement, and on the sides are his arms (four quarterings) in gold. In 1819, it was sold by auction in London, as part of the collection of Thomas Lloyd,  Esq. ( No. 1465), and was then bought by Thomas Thorpe, bookseller. Whilst  Mr. Lloyd was the possessor, the  MS. was lent to  Dr. Lingard, whose note of thanks to  Mr. Lloyd is preserved in the volume. From Thorpe it appears to have passed to  Mr. Heber, at the sale of whose  MSS. in  Feb. 1836, by  Mr. Evans, of Pall Mall, it was purchased by the British Museum for £8 8 s.
Thomas Rugge was descended from an ancient Norfolk family, and two of his ancestors are described as Aldermen of Norwich. His death has been ascertained to have occurred about 1672; and in the Diary for the preceding year he complains that on account of his declining health, his entries will be but few. Nothing has been traced of his personal circumstances beyond the fact of his having lived for fourteen years in Covent Garden, then a fashionable locality.

Another work I have found of the greatest value is the late  Mr.  J. E. Doyle’s Official Baronage of England (1886), which contains a mass of valuable information not easily to be obtained elsewhere. By reference to its pages I have been enabled to correct several erroneous dates in previous notes caused by a very natural confusion of years in the case of the months of January, February, and March, before it was finally fixed that the year should commence in January instead of March. More confusion has probably been introduced into history from this than from any other cause of a like nature. The reference to two years, as in the case of, say,  Jan. 5, 1661⁠–⁠62, may appear clumsy, but it is the only safe plan of notation. If one year only is mentioned, the reader is never sure whether or not the correction has been made. It is a matter for sincere regret that the popular support was withheld from  Mr. Doyle’s important undertaking, so that the author’s intention of publishing further volumes, containing the Baronies not dealt with in those already published, was frustrated.
My labours have been much lightened by the kind help which I have received from those interested in the subject. Lovers of Pepys are numerous, and I have found those I have applied to ever willing to give me such information as they possess. It is a singular pleasure, therefore, to have an opportunity of expressing publicly my thanks to these gentlemen, and among them I would especially mention  Messrs. Fennell, Danby  P. Fry,  J. Eliot Hodgkin, Henry Jackson,  J. K. Laughton, Julian Marshall, John Biddulph Martin,  J. E. Matthew, Philip Norman, Richard  B. Prosser, and Hugh Callendar, Fellow of Trinity College, who verified some of the passages in the manuscript. To the Master and Fellows of Magdalene College, also, I am especially indebted for allowing me to consult the treasures of the Pepysian Library, and more particularly my thanks are due to  Mr. Arthur  G. Peskett, the Librarian.


Particulars of the Life of Samuel Pepys
The family of Pepys is one of considerable antiquity in the east of England, and the  Hon. Walter Courtenay Pepys 2 says that the first mention of the name that he has been able to find is in the Hundred Rolls ( Edw. I, 1273), where Richard Pepis and John Pepes are registered as holding lands in the county of Cambridge. In the next century the name of William Pepis is found in deeds relating to lands in the parish of Cottenham,  co. Cambridge, dated 1329 and 1340 respectively (Cole  MSS., British Museum,  vol. i,  p. 56;  vol. xlii,  p. 44). According to the Court Roll of the manor of Pelhams, in the parish of Cottenham, Thomas Pepys was “bayliffe of the Abbot of Crowland in 1434,” but in spite of these references, as well as others to persons of the same name at Braintree, Essex, Depedale, Norfolk,  etc., the first ancestor of the existing branches of the family from whom  Mr. Walter Pepys is able to trace an undoubted descent, is “William Pepis the elder, of Cottenham,  co. Cambridge,” whose will is dated 20th March, 1519.
In 1852 a curious manuscript volume, bound in vellum, and entitled Liber Talboti Pepys de instrumentis ad Feoda pertinentibus exemplificatis, was discovered in an old chest in the parish church of Bolney, Sussex, by the vicar, the  Rev. John Dale, who delivered it to Henry Pepys, Bishop of Worcester, and the book is still in the possession of the family. This volume contains various genealogical entries, and among them are references to the Thomas Pepys of 1434 mentioned above, and to the later William Pepys. The reference to the latter runs thus:⁠—

“A Noate written out of an ould Booke of my uncle William Pepys.”
“William Pepys, who died at Cottenham, 10  H. 8, was brought up by the Abbat of Crowland, in Huntingdonshire, and he was borne in Dunbar, in Scotland, a gentleman, whom the said Abbat did make his Bayliffe of all his lands in Cambridgeshire, and placed him in Cottenham, which